Does Caffeine Have An Affect On The Heart Rate Of A Dafnia...

Does CAFFEINE have an affect on the Heart Rate of a DAFNIA (water flea)? Introduction The objective of this investigation was to observe the affect of caffeine on the heart rate of a Daphnia (water flea), by observing the specimen under a microscope for a set period of time while in an environment of concentrated caffeine. By using a microscope, the collection of data regarding the heart rate of the how to make a line graph in word Daphnia was possible. Drinks such as coffee, Red bull, MONSTER and Coca-Cola contain high amounts of caffeine, causing the consumer to increase their amounts of stimulatory neurotransmitters (this is a chemical in the brain sent throughout the body telling your heart to beat, your lungs to breathe, and your stomach to digest). As caffeine is a stimulant, it is predicted that the drug will increase the Heart Rate of the Daphnia. Caffeine will be used in this experiment with concentrates of black coffee. Due to the miniature size of a Daphnia, biologists have had unique troubles with analysing the way the systems of the Daphnia function. Biologists have argued, that the circulatory system of a Daphnia relies on diffusion or convection. However, it has been decided that depending on the oxygen levels in the environment will affect the way that the circulatory system of the Daphnia functions. The levels of haemoglobin will also affect the functioning of the circulatory system in the water flea. Haemoglobin is a red blood cell, assisting the

HR Recruitment and Selection Case Study In Elgin Pharmaceutical Free Essays

string(111) " it will be helpful for the company to start their organization by gathering information from various sources\." Introduction: Human Resource Planning helps to find out the need of people in the organization. Job analysis and Job design indicates the responsibilities and tasks of the employees in fig.1: (K Aswathappa,2007) Recruitment and Selection both are the vital part for an organization because it directly affects organization performance, employee relations, and a positive public image. We will write a custom essay sample on HR Recruitment and Selection Case Study In Elgin Pharmaceutical or any similar topic only for you Order Now The aim of this report is to analyze the new recruitment and selection methods for hiring the new staff to establish a company creche and child development centre. This company is using the same method of recruitment (waiting lists) and selection (General Mental Ability and Semi-Structured Interviews) from last ten years. The strategy of the company is: 1) To retain the employees for a long period of time 2)To maintain the reputation of the company 3) To motivate the employees to increase their performance and achieve the positive results from it In the analysis, this report analyzes the modes of recruitment and selection process like waiting lists; interviews; psychometric test, advertisement but not considered other methods. Company is using these methods from last ten years. The current recruitment and selection process is very much beneficial for the company but it is very limited. Evaluation of Current Recruitment and Selection Process: The Company is using the Recruitment and Selection process from last ten years. For recruitment company is using waiting lists: Waiting lists: These lists are made up of logical enquiries and applicants hired from the old recruitment activity. Then it provides suitable applicants that can be assessed when there will be any vacancy. Waiting lists are of low costs and resource efficient. Because candidates are already selected for the next step but they have to wait for the vacant positions in the company. These are hard to manage because these are spoiled quickly. Applications have very limited life, as candidates interest may change to other jobs. When employer reactivates the application and contact the candidate, it enhances the chances of success for candidate. Therefore, candidates can negotiate the contract terms and candidates expect more supportive behavior from the company. Waiting lists could cause discrimination among the candidates because they may restrict from the jobs again. (S.Pilbeam and M.Corbridge,2006) For Selection company is using: 1. General Mental Ability Test: It is also called psychometric test. These tests are used for assessment and evaluation of the test taker by a competent examiner. It is used to check he intelligence and knowledge of the candidate. Its advantage is that candidates cannot lie in it. Moreover biasness can be avoided. This test is used where there are number of candidates for the job. These tests are quite useful than the interviews because real information can be more easily taken from tests instead of the interviews. It’s more reliable and valid. Non-minorities typically score one standard deviation above minorities which may result in adverse impact depending on how the scores are used in the selection process Differences between males and females in abilities (e.g., knowledge of mathematics) may negatively impact the scores of female applicants. ( V.Joosten,2005) (C.Jackson,1996) To see the examples of this test see Appendix 2. 2. Semi-Structured Interviews: These interviews follow a predetermined and standardized list of questions. These questions are not asked in the same way in same order to all the participants because these questions are difficult to clarify (Schwarz, 1999). According o Burns (1997), the problem of validity is acknowledged as inconsequential, if the informant’s behavior is congruent with their perception of reality. It is very time-consuming because interviewer needs to record it in written form. Moreover, the data reliability is very low because it is difficult to compare the responses between the respondents. Interviewees give too much information in it which is in depth and useless. Recording information could be very difficult because to write the information is time-consuming and if interview is recorded then candidates may not feel comfortable and give only limited information. (ML.Mitchell and J.Jolley,2009) and (A.Edwards and J.Skinner, 2009) Proposal: To 11April,2011 The CEO Elgin Pharmaceutical Edinburgh. Respected Madam, On the basis of this analysis, as an HR manager I am making a proposal for the recruitment and selection for the child care and development staff as follows: As Mullins (2010, p 485) ‘If the HRM function is to remain effective, there must be consistently good levels of teamwork, plus ongoing co-operation and consultation between line managers and the HR manager.’ This is most definitely the case in recruitment and selection as specialist HR managers (or even external consultants) can be an important repository of up-to-date knowledge and skills, For example on the important legal dimensions of this area. (www.cipd.co.uk) Pre-recruitment activity fig. 2 (S.Pilbeam and M.Corbridge,2006) The first step in pre-recruitment is: 1. Establishing evidence case for recruitment: Whenever there is a vacancy appears, there is only the opportunity for recruitment and evidence case should be developed before proceeding (ACAS, 2004). As Plumbley (1991), ‘every vacancy presents management with an opportunity to rethink the structure of the organization and the allocation of duties. There are some substitutes for recruitment when any position is vacant and more questions can be discussed like; a) Do the workload predictions justify recruitment? b) Is the impact of vacancy short, long or medium? c)How does the recruitment proposal fit with diversity objectives? d) Does he filling of any vacancy integrate with the human resource plan? (S.Pilbeam and M.Corbridge,2006) 2. Job Analysis: Job analysis can be done by survey inside the company and outside the company: 1. Internal survey: The internal survey can be done through distributing the questionnaires in the office staff so that company can gather the information how many employees have children and age of their children. Because 70percent of female employees. 2. External survey: This survey can be done by gathering information by selecting few samples from the companies/organizations related to child care. Because he company is setting up the new company creche which is totally different from the previous business. So it will be helpful for the company to start their organization by gathering information from various sources. You read "HR Recruitment and Selection Case Study In Elgin Pharmaceutical" in category "Essay examples" This survey could be done by questionnaire sent to the different companies. For sample of this external survey see appendix3 Another main step for job analysis is job description: Job description is clearly stated what are the responsibilities and duties of the employees. For further detail of job description see appendix. Job description for the child care and development centre is given below: For the day care nursery company has already make the structure of job description that they total 11 staff vacancies are there for 30 infants and Pre School children. Staffing ratio is already set as follows: For nursery (0-1yr) there are 10 places for infants as well as 4 vacancies for staff [1staff member for 3 babies and 1 cover] For preschool (2-4yr) there are 20 places as well as 7 vacancies for staff [1 staff member for 4 children and 2 covers] There should be hourly wage rate for the employees including full-time and part-time work. The minimum wage rate is ?5.93. Sample of job description is given in appendix4 Person Specification: Qualification: NVQ level 3 Experience: relevant experience with young children Knowledge: health and safety Child development Security Skills: Team working Creative ability Communication skills (http://www.red-balloon.co.uk/redBalloonSite/career/perSpecifications.htm) For sample of job specification see appendix5 3. Labour Market Assessment: It means to provide better understanding of employees and labour supply in the relevant organizations. In relation to the six equality â€Å"strands† of: ethnicity, disability, age, gender, sexual orientation and religion and belief. A labour market is the identified pool of potential employees from which it is possible to attract candidates of the required caliber for a specified job. A shortage of labour market increases the labour supply demand giving more authority to the candidates. In terms of strategy, a shortage labour market needs a more nurturing recruitment and selection system, and a surplus labour market needs more targeted approach (Walsh, 1992). Due to the remarkable growth of the company as ‘employer of the choice’, more candidates want to do the job with this company. (S.Pilbeam and M.Corbridge,2006) The second step is Recruitment: The company is using recruitment system which is very old, but it is very essential and useful for the company. But company was using these methods for pharmaceutical branch. Whereas, it needs to adapt some other appropriate recruitment methods for child care workers and nursery nurses, to attract more people for the job, therefore, some new methods are added in this proposal as follows: Company should use advertisement method as ‘wide trawl’ to attract large pool of candidates because if there will be large number of candidates company will have more choice to select right candidate for right job with essential skills. Local newspaper is very cost effective method to use as a source of advertisement. Moreover, it is affordable and easily accessible by the people. The other method for advertisement is local shops; company can recommend these local shops to do advertisement for them. School libraries and notice boards are also very useful because most of the people can see the ad and it is free of cost. However students will also motivate towards this career. Job Centres are good source of advertisement. It is also cost effective and not very time-consuming. Word of mouth is more reliable and free of cost advertisement source. The Third step is Selection: After getting number of responses for the job/vacancies the next step is selection. It includes various parts like: Candidates fill the application forms to give an idea about their family and education background. To see the sample of application form for recruitment see appendix There is interview method to select the candidates : Structured interviews Telephone interviews The candidates have to give their bio data as well along with the application form, though its ‘hard copy’ or ‘soft copy’. The main important for child care job to have the enhanced CRB check. It is mostly used for international candidates. It is necessary to check the background of the candidate to make sure that other people have full safety and security. The candidates should have relevant experience in child care, because it is very crucial matter for parents to send their child under experienced or non-experienced person. The candidates when selected have to provide minimum two references: one should be personal and other should be business references (related to the previous job). Last but not the least; candidates should have the work permit. It will show the approval of government to work in any other country or in the home country. S.No.Recruitment MethodsS.No.Selection Methods 1.Advertisements1Application Forms 1.0Newspapers2Structured Interviews 1.1Local Shops3Telephone Interviews 1.2Libraries4Bio Data 1.3Community Centers5CRB Checks 1.4School Notice boards6Experience 1.5Job Centre7References 1.6Word of Mouth8Work Permit http://www.education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/RB409.pdf Conclusion: After analyzing Recruitment and Selection process, the issues were highlighted: There are fewer methods of recruitment and selection used in the report, which are in use from a long period of time. Therefore the scope of recruitment and selection is very limited. Company used waiting list method for recruitment, but it is not beneficial for the company because if candidates are in waiting list, it could be time-consuming and lengthy process. Moreover, it will restrict candidates not to work anywhere else or they will lose this job. There was not specific method for job description and person specification. In this case study only number of vacancies and role is given but other necessary things like CRB check, Experience, Pay scale is not given. The survey conducting by the company inside and outside the organization give results of female employees, their children etc. The company is setting up creche and child development centre with limited number of seats. Therefore, other people who don’t get chance to take that opportunity will feel disappoint or become demotivated. The proposal proposed to CEO of the company will help to recruit new highly skilled employees with appropriate method of recruitment and selection process. Hence, company strategy will also change accordingly. Action Plan: TaskResponsibilityTime periodCost Promotion and marketing of ChildcareAdvertising and marketing managerSeptember, 2011?6700 Recruitment of child care workersRecruitment managerNovember, 201112,900 TrainingTraining ManagerOctober, 2011?58,300 TransportHR ManagerDecember, 2011?12,300 Child care Voucher SchemeHR ManagerDecember, 20115,700 Total: 95,900 References: http://www.vidyalankar.org/files/sample_paper_ntse.pdf http://www.red-balloon.co.uk/redBalloonSite/career/perSpecifications.htm http://www.bath.ac.uk/personnel/further-parts/06-466R-IG.htm http://www.education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/RB409.pdf C.Jackson, Understanding Psychological Testing, 1996 (Pg. 45-46) K Aswathappa, Human Resource and Personnel Management, 2007 ed.4th (pg. 132) www.hr-guide.com/data/G314.htm V.Joosten, Preparing for career selection tests: Numeracy General Ability, 2005 ed. 3rd (pg. 19-20) M.L.Mitchell and J.Jolley, Research Design Explained, 2009 (Pg. 277) A.Edwards and J.Skinner, Qualitative Research in Sport Management, 2009 (pg. 107) www.shetland.gov.uk/policy/documents/ShetChildcareStrategy.doc, (pg. 53 and V) S.Pilbeam and M.Corbridge, People Resourcing- Contemporary HRM in practice, 2006, (pg. 156) S.Pilbeam and M.Corbridge, People Resourcing- Contemporary HRM in practice, 2006, (pg. 146,149,150) Appendix: Appendix 1: Company Background Elgin pharmaceutical is the very successful and profitable manufacturing company in Edinburgh. There are approximately 600 employees are working in which 70percent are female. This company is using same organization policies from last 40 years and their reputation also enhanced. People want to work with this company desperately because of its popularity, it is also known as ‘employer of choice’. In this company employee wastage level is very low therefore vacancies list is always given in the waiting list. Where employees have an opportunity to work with this company. The new CEO comes in the company and she thought of employee welfare and wants to set up a creche and child development centre. There are 30 seats for infants and children of employees who are working with his company. This company needs to recruit suitable staff for creche and child care. Therefore, they provide job description and person specification related to the vacancies. Due to high reputation company can easily attract large pool of candidates to apply for this job. Appendix 2: SECTI ON I : GENERAL MENTAL ABI LI TY TEST ( G. M. A. T. ) SAMPLE PAPER 1. i) A 2 B means A is a mother of B. ii) A 4 B means A is the brother of B. iii) A 5 B means A is the daughter of B. iv) A 9 B means A is the husband of B. Which of the following expression shows the relation that ‘K’ is Mother?in?Law of ‘M’ ? 1) M 9 N 2 K 4 I2) M 9 N 5 K 2 J 3) K 5 J 9 M 2 N4) K 2 J 9 N 4 M Directions : 2 ? 6 : Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below. i) Six authors P, Q, R, S, T and U, each one has written books on six different subjects viz. Physics, Chemistry,Psychology, Sociology, Political science Economics but not necessarily in the same order. These books are kept in a pile but not necessary in the given order. ii) The book of Physics is written by ‘Q’ and itis kept below the book of Psychology. The book of Chemistry is written by ‘R’ and it is kept just below the book of Sociology which is not on the top. The book of Political science is kept between the book of Chemistry and Economics. The book written by ‘U’ is not at the bottom. The book written by ‘P’ is on the top. The book of Sociology is not written by ‘S’ or ‘U’. 2. Who wrote the book of Political Science ? 1) S2) T 3) Data inadequate 4) None of these 3. Who wrote the book which is kept at the bottom? 1) R 2) Q 3) S 4) T 4. Which of the following combination of ‘Subject’ ? ‘Author’ ? ‘Position from the top’ is not correct ? 1) Physics ? Q ? Third 2) Political Science ? U ? Fifth 3) Economics ? S ? Sixth 4) Psychology ? P ? First 5. The book of which of the following subject is kept on the top ? 1) Chemistry 2) Psychology 3) Political Science 4) Either psychology or chemistry 6. What is the position of the chemistry book from the top ? 1) Second2) Fifth 3) Third 4) Fourth Direction : 7 ? 9 : Find the odd one out from the given alternatives. 7. 1) Eagle 2) Cock 3) Crow 4) Parrot 8. 1) PKJQ 2) RIGT 3) WDBY4) SHFU 9. Find the missing number from the given response 31 17 58 87 68 19 61 56 91 22 70 50 10 142 11 ? 1) 6 2) 7 3) 3 4) 9 10. If 34 ? 21 = 20 and 69 ? 35 = 46, then 31 ? 29 = ? 1) 35 2) 30 3) 45 4) 64 Section I ends here. SECTION II : SCHOLASTIC APTITUDE TEST (S.A.T.) SAMPLE PAPER 1. Internal and external surface of a calorimeter are polished. Why? 1) It looks attractive. 2) It prevents rusting by loosing contact with the air. 3) It prevents transfer of heat due to conduction. 4) It prevents transfer of heat due to radiation 2.What does a pyrometer measure? 1) High altitude 2) Pressure 3) High temperature 4) The radiant energy 3. Which of the following is not a fundamental physical quantity? 1) Length 2) Pressure 3) Time4) Mass 4. Which of the following metals react with dilute acids? 1) Copper 2) Gold 3) Silver 4) Calcium 5. Which of the following food components can be absorbed in the alimentary canal without undergoing digestion? 1) Proteins. 2) Lipids 3) Cane sugar4) Vitamins. 6. Srivijaya was a famous ancient Indian kingdom in _____. 1) Myanmar 2) Kampuchea 3) Thailand 4) Indonesia 7. Guru Tegh Bahadur was the ____Guru of the Sikhs 1) Second 2) Eighth 3) Ninth 4) Tenth. 8. Sun is a gaseous body it is mainly made up of _________ 1) Carbon dioxide and hydrogen 2) Hydrogen and Helium 3) Hydrogen and Oxygen 4) Helium and Nitrogen. 9. The factors of ( ) 4 x 4 + are : 1) ( ) 2 2 x 2 + 2) ( ) ( ) 2 2 x 2x 2 x 2x 2 + + ? + 3) ( ) ( ) 2 2 x 2 x 2 + ? 4) None of these 10. If 3 chairs and 2 tubes cost Rs.1200 and 5 chairs and 3 tubes cost Rs.1900, then the cost of 2 chairs and 2 tubes (in Rs.) is : 1) 700 2) 900 3) 1000 4) 1100 Section II ends here. Appendix 3: 1. Which country do you presently live in? ? Canada ? Other 2. How many children age 6 or under live in your household? ? 0 ? 1 ? 2 ? 3 ? 4 ? 5 ? 6 or more 3. In your opinion, at what age are children ready to be cared for on a regular basis by adults other than their parents ? No minimum age — it’s alright even for the smallest babies ? 6 months ? 1 year ? 1 ? years ? 2 years ? 2 ? years ? 3 years ? 4 years ? 5 years or older ? Don’t know 4. What kinds of child care arrangements – full-time or part-time (including before- or after-school care) – are you currently using for the child(ren) age 6 and under living in your home(Check all that apply) Full-time Part-time †¢ One parent is a stay-at-home caregiver? ? †¢ Off-shifting, where parents work or attend school at alternate times and share care responsibilities? ? †¢ Care by a relative (either in your home, or in a relative’s home)? ? †¢ Nanny? ? †¢ Regular babysitter providing care in your home? ? †¢ Child care centre? ? †¢ Nursery school or pre-school program (other than child care centre)? ? †¢ Home daycare provider? ? [Asked only to those who mentioned that they use a home daycare provider in Q4] 5. You have indicated that you are currently using a home daycare provider to care for your child(ren). Please tell us whether this caregiver is: ? Licensed ? Unlicensed ? Not sure 6. Have you faced, or are currently facing, any problems or challenges with either finding or maintaining your child care arrangements? ? Yes ? No [Asked only to those who answered ‘Yes’ in Q6] 7. What are/were the problems or challenges that you have faced, or are currently facing, with your child care arrangements(Check all that apply) ? Lack of accessible information on care options in my community ? Difficulties finding a full-time space at a licensed child care centre ? Difficulties finding a part-time space at licensed child care centre ? Difficulties finding a home daycare provider ? Difficulties finding a space/caregiver in a convenient location ? Difficulties finding child care for the hours I required (i.e. outside normal working hours) ? Difficulties finding a nanny ? Difficulties finding care for a child with special needs ? Difficulties finding any type of care ? High cost of care ? Could not afford to stay home ? Stayed home, but found it a financial struggle ? Concerns about the quality of care ? My child had trouble adjusting to child care setting 8. You mentioned that you are using the following types of childcare: (list of options chosen in Q4). To what degree are you satisfied with the overall quality of your current child care arrangements? ? Very satisfied ? Somewhat satisfied ? Not very satisfied ? Very dissatisfied 9. Listed below are possible components of a comprehensive government child care policy. Which of these are most important to youYou can select up to four options ? Funding to create more child care spaces ? Funding to reduce fees for all families using licensed child care ? Funding to reduce fees for lower income families using licensed child care ? Funding to improve quality of child care (e.g. training, lower staff/child ratios) ? Funding to increase availability of part-time licensed child care ? Direct payments to all parents of children six or under, regardless of child care arrangement or income ? Increased tax breaks or credits for all parents of children six or under ? Tax breaks or credits specifically for parents who stay home to raise their children ? Legislation that would require all home-based caregivers to be licensed and regulated ? Legislation that would require employers to allow parents of young children to work part time, or have more flexible work schedules ? Legislation that would increase the length of maternity and parental leave 10. Would you be willing to pay higher taxes to enable the government to invest in some form of national child care program? ? Yes ? No 11. Child care is just one of many issues facing Canadians and their government. Please rank the following issues in the order of their importance to you (i.e. the issue that should get highest priority in terms of government action and investment should be ranked #1; and that with the lowest priority should be ranked #5). ___ Health care ___ Defense/National security ___ Environment ___ Higher education ___ Child care 12. To what degree does a political party’s stand on child care influence your decision to vote for that party’s candidate? ? Strongly influences – determines my vote ? Somewhat influences – can tip my vote in favour or in opposition ? Has little or no influence – child care is not an election issue for me 13. What province/territory do you live in? ? Alberta ? British Columbia ? Manitoba ? Newfoundland ? New Brunswick ? Northwest Territories ? Nova Scotia ? Nunavut ? Ontario ? Prince Edward Island ? Quebec ? Saskatchewan ? Yukon 14. What is the size of the population of the city or town where you live? ? 1,000,000+ ? 500,000 – 999,999 ? 100,000 – 499,999 ? 30,000 – 99,999 ? 10,000 – 29,999 ? 1,000 – 9,999 ? Under 1,000 and rural 15. Please tell us your primary employment status at this time ? Employed full-time ? Employed part-time ? Parenting at home ? Self-employed full-time ? Self-employed part-time ? On maternity/parental leave ? Studying (with or without part-time job) ? No paid employment ? Retired 16. What is your family’s structure? ? Married or common-law couple ? Divorced or separated, and primary caregiver for one or more child ? Divorced or separated, but not primary caregiver for children ? Single/lone parent 17. What is your total annual household income? ? Less than $16,000 ? $16,000 – $19,999 ? $20,000 – $29,999 ? $30,000 – $49,999 ? $50,000 – $74,999 ? $75,000 – $99,999 ? More than $100,000 18. Is there anything else that you would like to share with Today’s Parent with respect to your views on child care? How to cite HR Recruitment and Selection Case Study In Elgin Pharmaceutical, Free Case study samples

Moses A Leader Essay Example For Students

Moses A Leader Essay Throughout history there have been many individuals who could be consideredleaders, but some stand out among the others. An example of a superb leader isMoses in the Bible. Moses is viewed as a righteous man in Gods eyes and ischosen to lead the Hebrews out of oppression in Egypt. Contained in the story ofExodus are many examples of Moses sacrifices and the hardships he enduredwhile freeing the Hebrews. The faith of Moses was tested numerous timesthroughout the story, and, in some instances, it seemed that Moses had lostfaith, however, being the righteous man that he was, he stuck it outuntil the end. When compared to Noah and Abraham, Moses is a pillar offaith for surviving his tests and for being the perfect tool forGods plans. In the Old Testament stories, God seems to want his earth tobe peaceful and without sin and when he sees that the world is corrupt, hedecides to conduct a purge. In the first two books of the Bible, there are twodistinct covenants made, one with Noah and the other many generations later withAbraham. God talked to Noah and he was chosen to be the father of a renewedcivilization after an enormous purge would wipe out the evil in the world. Noahhad to undergo many trials and tribulations. He had to experience embarrassmentand ridicule because of the nature of Gods requests. His neighbors andfriends thought he was nuts because it is not every day that a man constructs ahuge boat made of gopher wood and claims that a flood will come to rid the worldof evil. After Noah obeyed all Gods commands, he was rewarded. Noah became likeAdam, in that he would be responsible for starting life on earth over. Noah wasrewarded because of his faith in God and his ability to obey. Gods covenantwith Noah laid the groundwork for his promise to Abraham many generations downthe road. Here Gods bidding was not exactly the same, but, in essence, itdemanded the same degree of commitment and dedication from Abraham. Abraham wasold and his wife Sarah was barren. God promised Abraham that he would be thefather of a great nation. Given Sarahs condition, Abraham had many inquiriesand doubts about the feasibility of this, yet he had faith. God asked of Abrahamthat he give up all he knew, and all he had to wander in the desert in search ofthis nation, which God promised. Abraham also endured many hard times. Hewandered in the desert for years on blind faith, and, when he finally got towhere he was going, he was asked by God to sacrifice his most prized possession,his son Isaac. When God observed the faith and obedience of Abraham, he sparedIsaac and allowed Abrahams nation to flourish. The Old Testament, model of agreat patriarch, is one who possesses faith coupled with voluntary obedience toGods wishes and gratitude. These things combine to make up Gods standardof moral goodness. If the person obeys Gods laws and meets His standards,happiness may be attained by the individual. The ultimate model of a greatpatriarch is Moses. The second book of The Bible, the book of Exodus, beginswith the Egyptians decision to oppress the Hebrews who lived in the land ofEgypt for 400 years. (The descendants of Joseph and his brothers) Although Moseswas born a Hebrew, Moses grew up in the Pharaohs court and the Hebrews werejealous of him. The Egyptians didnt trust him as well. This is one of themain reasons why Moses was such a great leader. He didnt really have anystrong ties to either the Hebrews of the Egyptians. This is why he can be harshand use force to make the people understand what God wants. He has the guts toorder his own people to their death for freedom. Moses was willing to risk hislife for his people and one day Moses saw an Egyptian beating a Hebrew in thework-yard, and hastily killed the Egyptian with his bare hands. He then fledfrom Egypt to Midian, and found a wife with whom he had a son. Yet, Moses knewhe would not settle down until he returned to Egypt to fulfill A Godsprophecy. Important to Moses development into a great leader was the time hewas tending his father-in-laws flock up on the mountain of Horeb. Here, atthe mountain of God, he came across a burning bush. Moses was amazed by thephenomenon and God spoke to him through this medium. Moses was commanded to goto the Pharaoh and request that the Hebrews be set free to worship their God. .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803 , .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803 .postImageUrl , .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803 , .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803:hover , .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803:visited , .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803:active { border:0!important; } .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803:active , .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803 .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u057a337fe5603be62bc2d8839b554803:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The contender Essay Now, Moses was not well liked by either the Egyptians or the Hebrews at thetime, so he was in no position to tell anyone what to do. When Moses, throughAaron, proposes to the Pharaoh to let the Hebrews go free, the Pharaoh gets madand just makes the workload for the Hebrews more demanding than it ever wasbefore. This made the Pharaoh furious and the Hebrew labor force despised Mosesfor burdening them with more work. Moses was discouraged because the people hewas commanded to free did not want to be freed, and, even if they did, Moses isthe last person that they wanted to be freed by. As slaves, the Hebrews acceptthemselves to be powerless. At this point Moses had to be rather confused. Hehas no friends to turn to, all he has is a burning bush up on a mountain, andfaith. On his conscience are the hardships of an entire people and a huge senseof failure. Moses returns to the bush and says to God, O Lord, why did Youbring harm upon this people? Why did You send me? Ever since I came to Pharaohto speak in Your name, he has dealt worse with this people, and still You havenot delivered Your people (Exodus 5:22). This is an example of Mosesdoubt and confusion about his mission. God supplies Moses with many differenttricks, and supernatural powers, yet the first few times Moses wentback to Pharaoh, his magicians could match Moses illusions. As aresult, the Pharaoh thought nothing of it and kept the Hebrews working. Then Godcommanded Moses to order gnats to swarm Egyptians and the Pharaohs magicianscould not match the power of Moses. Pharaohs heart remained cold and he wouldnot let the people go, so Moses ordered progressively crueler plagues on theEgyptians. God hardens Pharaohs heart many times to test the faith andcommitment of Moses. Moses didnt know God was doing this and was absolutelyfrustrated. He gives up everything he knows to perform this task and he keepsgetting rejected. The last plague was what made the Pharaoh change his mindabout the Hebrews freedom. The Angel of Death took the first born of everyliving thing in Egypt, including the son of Pharaoh. Moses suffered greatfrustration because of his continual confrontations with Pharaoh, but finallyGods bidding was reality. Moses gained some respect from the Hebrew people,but they didnt want to change the ways of the past. The Hebrews bore witnessto the acts of violence Moses performed on the Egyptians, so naturally, theHebrews would fear the power of Moses. Moses had an incredibly hard task in thathe had to lead an incoherent mass of people out of oppression. His faith, andtrust in God, is why Moses succeeded and that which made him the ultimate modelof a patriarch. Moses did everything that God told him to do and he did it withall his might. He firmly believed that God would see him through the hard times. God wants the people to know that he is the one Lord (Ehyeh-Asher-Ehyeh), andthat there are no humans that compare. This is why he goes through all thetrials with Pharaoh. Moses faith delivered him through all the questionsand doubts of the Hebrew people as they proceeded on the forty-year journey tothe Promised Land of milk and honey. Faith and trust in God, helpedhim to be a leader for the people. However, Moses was not the perfect, sin-freeprophet, in the sense he murdered a man directly and was the cause of the deathof thousands of Egyptians. To top it off, he ordered all the people who builtthe golden calf to worship on the bottom of Mount Sinai to be killed. AsMachiavelli once said, The ends justify the means, and that is whatthe freeing of the Hebrews is about. What God wanted done was done throughMoses. I believe that Moses was justified in what he did at Mount Sinai, butIm sure that, if I were one of the Hebrews, I wouldnt be able to fathomwhat was going through Moses head. I respect the character of Moses and Ifeel that his shrewdness was one of the key elements in the success of theExodus. In the end, with God on his side, Moses led his people with greatstrength and courage, and delivered them safely into the awaited Holy Land. .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277 , .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277 .postImageUrl , .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277 , .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277:hover , .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277:visited , .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277:active { border:0!important; } .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277:active , .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277 .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub252a74bb0f4962db94686fc564e1277:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Importance Of Communication Skills EssayBibliographyHarris, Stephen L. Understanding the Bible. London: Mayfield Publishing,1997. Tanakh. Jerusalem: Jewish Publications Society, 1985.

The Presidency of FDR Essay Example For Students

The Presidency of FDR Essay In 1932, Americans realized that they had an increasingly great financial problem on their hands, and tried to correct it bycentralizing power. The President acquired so much power that the nation almost became a communism, especially with Roosevelts introduction of the New Deal. When Franklin Roosevelt became President of the United States in 1933, the nation was in the depths of the worst depression it had ever experienced. President Roosevelt, a very energetic and enthusiastic person, inspired the people with his own confidence and faith in the future. He gathered a group of people sharing his views to help him, and provided food, clothing, and shelter for millions of unemployed and poverty-stricken Americans. This was part of what he called the New Deal, of which his three objectives were relief, recovery, and reform for American citizens. In another attempt at recovery, Congress attempted to revive the nations agriculture and industry and place the economy on a solid foundation. They printed extra money to loan to industries that quickly paid it back. By 1933 nearly 14 million Americans were jobless. In response, the Roosevelt administration immediately launched what seemed at the time to be a wonderful program of direct relief. In 2 years, federal agenc ies distributed 3 billion dollars to the states. However, the people unemployed wanted jobs, not welfare, thus the Works Progress Administration (WPA) came into existence. This helped restore some of the lost jobs. By 1936, the New Deal program faced a large and growing body of opposition, some from within the Democratic Party itself. Many critics felt that the government was interfering too much with the free enterprise system, and in doing so, was threatening individualism and democracy. This absorption of power by the president is what is known as the Imperial Presidency. By the end of 1938, the opposition had become so strong that President Roosevelt decided to postpone other large reforms he had been considering. We will write a custom essay on The Presidency of FDR specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Innumerable committees were created to deal with the problems of the time, and the President was in control of all of them. Allthis power that the President acquired caused the executive branch to become bloated. World War II also prompted the government to recruit many, many Americans into the army. Since the President has completecontrol over the army, a greater army gave him more power. The president also had control over the federal police. However, with all the manufacturing that had to take place to accommodate for all the necessities of war, many new ideas came into action. In order to boost the economy, power was readily and radically centralized, and the government introduced the policies of cost plus, resource allocation, wage price controls, and prohibition of strikes. Cost plus and resource allocation gave the government much power to control industries. The government would withhold certain raw materials from companies unless they were using them to make war utilities. However, if they did choose to agree with the government, they could set the prices for their products and make extra money. Wage and price controls were another method of the government to boost industry. The government would increase the price for which a manufacturer must sell his goods and the minimum wages allowable for different types of workers. This made everyone happy because the only person suffering this way was the consumer or in this case, the government. After the Second World War, a cold war with the Soviet Union began. President Roosevelt anticipated that this cold war would bankrupt the Soviet union in their trying to outdo Americas weapon production. Thus the United States had to allocate much of its production into yet more weapon manufacturing and research. With the government controlling all of Americas output, economy, and industry, the nation had moved from a capitalistic economy to nearly a communismAmericans social rights had also been tampered with in the pandemonium caused by the Great Depression, World War II, and the Cold War with Russia. The social revolution in the 1960s made many people happy, but also gave unnecessary power to the government, especially the president. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 revoked the right of states to choose who gets to vote, and let the federal government decide. The Roe versus Wade case put control over abortion into federal hands, and Brown versus the Board of Education let the federal government control segregation in schools and other situations. The nation has started moving back in the direction from which it came before World War II, but until now has not readjusted completely. Time and effort, however, may shift some of the governments and presidents power acquired during the 20s back into citizen hands.

Central Conflict of the Scarlet Letter Arises from the Presentation of Different Ways of Seeing the Individual in Relation to Society Essays

Central Conflict of the Scarlet Letter Arises from the Presentation of Different Ways of Seeing the Individual in Relation to Society Essays Central Conflict of the Scarlet Letter Arises from the Presentation of Different Ways of Seeing the Individual in Relation to Society Essay Central Conflict of the Scarlet Letter Arises from the Presentation of Different Ways of Seeing the Individual in Relation to Society Essay Pearl? -Ruby, rather! or Coral! -or Red Rose'(101). Even though Mr.Wilson disapproves of Pearls attire, he still acknowledges her beauty by comparing her to beautiful things in nature. At the same, time, he shows his disapproval because he, like most Puritans, distrusts nature. Later on, Mr. Wilson asks Pearl if she knows who made her. She replies by saying that she had not been made at all but had been plucked by her mother off the bush of wild roses that [grows] by the prison-door(103). Pearls answer tells the reader that she understands both her physical beauty and her internal wildness because she compares herself to a wild rose.The answers creativity and unexpectedness also reveal Pearls unusual, whimsical character. At this point in the novel, the reader can already discern Pearls fundamental character traits. As Pearl grows older, her isolation from the Puritans leads her to spend more time with nature, and she continu es to remind Hester of her sin. When Hester goes to the seashore to talk to Chillingworth, she tells Pearl to go to the margin of the water and play with the shells and tangled sea- weed(154). In response, Pearl [flies] away like a bird(154) to the margin of the sea.Pearl is eager to play with nature. She has grown used to having nature as a playmate and finds playing with it enjoyable. Pearl builds boats out of birch-bark seize[s] a live horseshoe [crab] by the tail catches several five-fingers lays out a jelly-fish to melt in the warm sun(162), throws foam, and pelts sea-birds with pebbles. When Pearl thinks that she actually hit a bird, however, she feels remorse for having done harm to a little being that was as wild as herself(163).Another way that Hawthorne highlights the individual in relation to society is through the irony that while Hester lives shamed, and discriminated against, Dimmesdale, whose sin is equal, is â€Å"apotheosized with worshippers† and held in the highest regard. While Hester confesses to her sins on the scaffold, Hawthorne uses situational irony in this first scene to show that while Hester is confessing to her sins and is shunned by her entire community, the reader applauds her for having courage to stick to the path of confession and thus redemption but, yet, did not incriminate Dimmesdale in spite of being heavily pressured.Dimmesdale on other hand is revered by the congregation and they perceive him as flawless, while he is equally in the wrong. In fact, hes adding on to his sin because he actually has the moral obligation to be truthful and honest, and thus shows Dimmesdale in a shameful light, uncourageous and dishonorable. In contrast, Hawthorne is able to present Hester to us as a striking and outstanding figure who gains the respect of the audience, even though she is clearly represented as an individual outside of society.As a result, we can actually see that Hawthornes presentation of 17th century Boston, Massach usetts is dependent on the different perspectives people hold of the Hester, the individual in question. Hawthornes narrator gives the audience different perspectives by having his characters react to individuals (Hester and Pearl) in different manners- letting the audience decide who is worthy of praise as an individual and who isnt.

Alvarez Surname Meaning and Origin

Alvarez Surname Meaning and Origin Alvarez is a patronymic (derived from the name of the father) surname meaning son of Alvaro and is thought to have originated with the Visigoths. The Visigoths were 5th-century German warriors who participated in the eventual fragmentation and collapse of the Western Roman Empire, and one of two main branches of the East Germanic tribe known as Goths. According to the Instituto Genealà ³gico e Histà ³rico Latino-Americano, the surname Alvarez originated in Spain, primarily from the regions of Andalucà ­a, Aragà ³n, Asturias, Galicia, Leà ³n, and Navarra. Alvarez Surname: Fast Facts Alvarez is the 26th most common Hispanic surname.Surname Origin:  SpanishAlternate Surname Spellings:  Albarez, Alvaroz, Alviriz, Alvares, Albaroiz Famous People with the Surname Alvarez Carlos Alvarez- Spanish opera singerLuis Walter Alvarez- American experimental physicist, Nobel Prize winner in PhysicsLuis Fernndez lvarez- Spanish American doctor and researcher; grandfather of Luis Walter AlvarezPedro Alvarez- Dominican American MLB baseball playerJosà © lvarez Cubero- Spanish sculptorJorge Montt lvarez- Chilean Admiral and former President of ChileGregorio lvarez- Argentine historian, physician, and writer;  the Alvarezsaurus dinosaur was named for him. Where Do People With the Alvarez Surname Live? The surname distribution data at  Forebears  ranks Alvarez as the 212th most common surname in the world, identifying it as most prevalent in Mexico and with the highest density in Cuba. The Alvarez surname is the 10th most common surname in Cuba, 11th in Argentina, and 16th in Spain. Within Spain, Alvarez is found most commonly in the northwestern regions of Asturias, followed by Galicia and Castille Y Leà ³n,  according to  WorldNames PublicProfiler. Is There an Alvarez Coat of Arms? Contrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as an Alvarez family crest or coat of arms.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male-line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted.   Resources for Exploring the Alvarez Surname ALVAREZ Family Genealogy Forum- Search this popular genealogy forum for the Alvarez surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Alvarez query.FamilySearch: ALVAREZ Genealogy- Access over 2.7 million free historical records and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Alvarez surname and its variations on this free genealogy website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.ALVAREZ Surname Family Mailing Lists- This free mailing list for researchers of the Alvarez surname and its variations includes subscription details and a searchable archives of past messages.DistantCousin.com- ALVAREZ Genealogy Family History- Explore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Alvarez.The Alvarez Genealogy and Family Tree Page- Browse family trees and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the last name Alvarez from the website of Genealogy Today. Genealogy and Resources for Spanish Surnames Have you ever wondered about your Spanish last name  and how it came to be? The 100 Most Common Spanish Surnames have unique naming patterns and origins. When researching  your Hispanic heritage, its best to start with the basics such as family tree research and country-specific organizations, genealogical records, and resources for Spain, Latin America, Mexico, Brazil, the Caribbean and other Spanish speaking countries. Sources Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. ï » ¿Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Health Promotion and Health Education Assignment

Health Promotion and Health Education - Assignment Example By definition, health promotion, according to H. Seymour, is â€Å"aimed at delivering a â€Å"positive pursuit of fitness and wellbeing by means of a whole range of activities including health education, legal and environmental controls and influences on social and economic factors† (Seymour, 1984). On the other hand, WHO defines health education as the â€Å"Consciously constructed opportunities for learning involving some form of communication designed to improve health literacy, including improving knowledge, and developing life skills, which are conducive to individual and community health† (WHO, 2012) As to the points of perception where they overlap, both are driven to achieve a healthy world, that is, to have healthy individuals who make healthy decisions to manage their well being, community and environment. Both concepts work on the same sphere of interventions such as in the education, health, political, social, economic and environmental arenas to include policy making, empowering communities, better health treatment and care, among others. However, their methods, content and framework models of implementation are done differently. According to Howard Seymour, â€Å"both are not unitary but when looked at in details but from the point of view of their practice, all mirror various aspects of each other† (Seymour, 1984). Both are â€Å"regarded vital to society because both â€Å"address the risks that lead to diseases, reduce medical treatment costs, reduce costly premature deaths and disability, advocate and lobby for health legislation, among others† (Ã¢â‚¬Ë œHealth Education Specialist’, n.d.) and just about anything for the whole welfare of every individual living in this world. Their differences would start from the report that â€Å"health education still exists as a sub-set of overall health promotion activity†